Product: CD31 Antibody
Catalog: AF0077
Description: Rabbit polyclonal antibody to CD31
Application: WB IHC IF/ICC
Reactivity: Human
Prediction: Zebrafish
Mol.Wt.: 82kDa; 83kD(Calculated).
Uniprot: P16284
RRID: AB_2833268

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 100ul $280 In stock
 200ul $350 In stock

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Product Info

Source:
Rabbit
Application:
WB 1:500-1:3000, IHC 1:50-1:200, IF/ICC: 1:100-1:500
*The optimal dilutions should be determined by the end user.
*Tips:

WB: For western blot detection of denatured protein samples. IHC: For immunohistochemical detection of paraffin sections (IHC-p) or frozen sections (IHC-f) of tissue samples. IF/ICC: For immunofluorescence detection of cell samples. ELISA(peptide): For ELISA detection of antigenic peptide.

Reactivity:
Human
Prediction:
Zebrafish(86%)
Clonality:
Polyclonal
Specificity:
CD31 Antibody detects endogenous levels of total CD31.
RRID:
AB_2833268
Cite Format: Affinity Biosciences Cat# AF0077, RRID:AB_2833268.
Conjugate:
Unconjugated.
Purification:
The antiserum was purified by peptide affinity chromatography using SulfoLink™ Coupling Resin (Thermo Fisher Scientific).
Storage:
Rabbit IgG in phosphate buffered saline , pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol. Store at -20 °C. Stable for 12 months from date of receipt.
Alias:

Fold/Unfold

Adhesion molecule; CD31; CD31 antigen; CD31 EndoCAM; EndoCAM; FLJ34100; FLJ58394; GPIIA; GPIIA'; PECA1; PECA1_HUMAN; Pecam 1; PECAM 1 CD31 EndoCAM; PECAM; PECAM-1; Pecam1; Platelet and endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1; Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule; Platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1;

Immunogens

Immunogen:
Uniprot:
Gene(ID):
Expression:
P16284 PECA1_HUMAN:

Expressed on platelets and leukocytes and is primarily concentrated at the borders between endothelial cells (PubMed:18388311, PubMed:21464369). Expressed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) (at protein level) (PubMed:19342684, PubMed:17580308). Expressed on neutrophils (at protein level) (PubMed:17580308). Isoform Long predominates in all tissues examined (PubMed:12433657). Isoform Delta12 is detected only in trachea (PubMed:12433657). Isoform Delta14-15 is only detected in lung (PubMed:12433657). Isoform Delta14 is detected in all tissues examined with the strongest expression in heart (PubMed:12433657). Isoform Delta15 is expressed in brain, testis, ovary, cell surface of platelets, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), Jurkat T-cell leukemia, human erythroleukemia (HEL) and U-937 histiocytic lymphoma cell lines (at protein level) (PubMed:12433657, PubMed:18388311).

Description:
PECAM-1 a cell adhesion molecule expressed on platelets and at endothelial cell intercellular junctions. Plays a role in modulation of integrin-mediated cell adhesion, transendothelial migration, angiogenesis, apoptosis, cell migration, negative regulation of immune cell signaling, autoimmunity, macrophage phagocytosis, IgE-mediated anaphylaxis and thrombosis. Undergoes alternative splicing, generating multiple isoforms in vascular beds of various tissues.
Sequence:
MQPRWAQGATMWLGVLLTLLLCSSLEGQENSFTINSVDMKSLPDWTVQNGKNLTLQCFADVSTTSHVKPQHQMLFYKDDVLFYNISSMKSTESYFIPEVRIYDSGTYKCTVIVNNKEKTTAEYQVLVEGVPSPRVTLDKKEAIQGGIVRVNCSVPEEKAPIHFTIEKLELNEKMVKLKREKNSRDQNFVILEFPVEEQDRVLSFRCQARIISGIHMQTSESTKSELVTVTESFSTPKFHISPTGMIMEGAQLHIKCTIQVTHLAQEFPEIIIQKDKAIVAHNRHGNKAVYSVMAMVEHSGNYTCKVESSRISKVSSIVVNITELFSKPELESSFTHLDQGERLNLSCSIPGAPPANFTIQKEDTIVSQTQDFTKIASKSDSGTYICTAGIDKVVKKSNTVQIVVCEMLSQPRISYDAQFEVIKGQTIEVRCESISGTLPISYQLLKTSKVLENSTKNSNDPAVFKDNPTEDVEYQCVADNCHSHAKMLSEVLRVKVIAPVDEVQISILSSKVVESGEDIVLQCAVNEGSGPITYKFYREKEGKPFYQMTSNATQAFWTKQKASKEQEGEYYCTAFNRANHASSVPRSKILTVRVILAPWKKGLIAVVIIGVIIALLIIAAKCYFLRKAKAKQMPVEMSRPAVPLLNSNNEKMSDPNMEANSHYGHNDDVRNHAMKPINDNKEPLNSDVQYTEVQVSSAESHKDLGKKDTETVYSEVRKAVPDAVESRYSRTEGSLDGT

Predictions

Predictions:

Score>80(red) has high confidence and is suggested to be used for WB detection. *The prediction model is mainly based on the alignment of immunogen sequences, the results are for reference only, not as the basis of quality assurance.

Species
Results
Score
Zebrafish
86
Pig
0
Horse
0
Bovine
0
Sheep
0
Dog
0
Xenopus
0
Chicken
0
Rabbit
0
Model Confidence:
High(score>80) Medium(80>score>50) Low(score<50) No confidence

PTMs - P16284 As Substrate

Site PTM Type Enzyme
N52 N-Glycosylation
N84 N-Glycosylation
K108 Ubiquitination
N151 N-Glycosylation
K173 Ubiquitination
Y290 Phosphorylation
N320 N-Glycosylation
K374 Ubiquitination
K378 Ubiquitination
K392 Ubiquitination
S409 Phosphorylation
K449 Ubiquitination
N453 N-Glycosylation
K456 Ubiquitination
K495 Ubiquitination
N551 N-Glycosylation
K564 Ubiquitination
S583 Phosphorylation
S587 Phosphorylation
Y623 Phosphorylation
K631 Ubiquitination
S647 Phosphorylation
S653 Phosphorylation
Y663 Phosphorylation
S686 Phosphorylation
Y690 Phosphorylation P06241 (FYN) , P16591 (FER)
T691 Phosphorylation
S700 Phosphorylation
T709 Phosphorylation
T711 Phosphorylation
Y713 Phosphorylation P41240 (CSK) , P16591 (FER) , P06239 (LCK) , P06241 (FYN)
S714 Phosphorylation
Y728 Phosphorylation
S729 Phosphorylation
S734 Phosphorylation
T738 Phosphorylation

Research Backgrounds

Function:

Cell adhesion molecule which is required for leukocyte transendothelial migration (TEM) under most inflammatory conditions. Tyr-690 plays a critical role in TEM and is required for efficient trafficking of PECAM1 to and from the lateral border recycling compartment (LBRC) and is also essential for the LBRC membrane to be targeted around migrating leukocytes. Trans-homophilic interaction may play a role in endothelial cell-cell adhesion via cell junctions. Heterophilic interaction with CD177 plays a role in transendothelial migration of neutrophils. Homophilic ligation of PECAM1 prevents macrophage-mediated phagocytosis of neighboring viable leukocytes by transmitting a detachment signal. Promotes macrophage-mediated phagocytosis of apoptotic leukocytes by tethering them to the phagocytic cells; PECAM1-mediated detachment signal appears to be disabled in apoptotic leukocytes. Modulates bradykinin receptor BDKRB2 activation. Regulates bradykinin- and hyperosmotic shock-induced ERK1/2 activation in endothelial cells. Induces susceptibility to atherosclerosis (By similarity).

Does not protect against apoptosis.

PTMs:

Phosphorylated on Ser and Tyr residues after cellular activation by src kinases. Upon activation, phosphorylated on Ser-729 which probably initiates the dissociation of the membrane-interaction segment (residues 709-729) from the cell membrane allowing the sequential phosphorylation of Tyr-713 and Tyr-690. Constitutively phosphorylated on Ser-734 in resting platelets. Phosphorylated on tyrosine residues by FER and FES in response to FCER1 activation (By similarity). In endothelial cells Fyn mediates mechanical-force (stretch or pull) induced tyrosine phosphorylation.

Palmitoylation by ZDHHC21 is necessary for cell surface expression in endothelial cells and enrichment in membrane rafts.

Subcellular Location:

Cell membrane>Single-pass type I membrane protein.
Note: Cell surface expression on neutrophils is down-regulated upon fMLP or CXCL8/IL8-mediated stimulation.

Cell membrane>Single-pass type I membrane protein. Membrane raft. Cell junction.
Note: Localizes to the lateral border recycling compartment (LBRC) and recycles from the LBRC to the junction in resting endothelial cells.

Cell junction.
Note: Localizes to the lateral border recycling compartment (LBRC) and recycles from the LBRC to the junction in resting endothelial cells.

Extracellular region or secreted Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion Manual annotation Automatic computational assertionSubcellular location
Tissue Specificity:

Expressed on platelets and leukocytes and is primarily concentrated at the borders between endothelial cells. Expressed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) (at protein level). Expressed on neutrophils (at protein level). Isoform Long predominates in all tissues examined. Isoform Delta12 is detected only in trachea. Isoform Delta14-15 is only detected in lung. Isoform Delta14 is detected in all tissues examined with the strongest expression in heart. Isoform Delta15 is expressed in brain, testis, ovary, cell surface of platelets, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), Jurkat T-cell leukemia, human erythroleukemia (HEL) and U-937 histiocytic lymphoma cell lines (at protein level).

Subunit Structure:

Trans-homodimer (via Ig-like C2-type 1 and Ig-like C2-type 2 domains); trans-homodimerization is required for cell-cell interaction. Forms a complex with BDKRB2 and GNAQ. Interacts with BDKRB2 and GNAQ.Interacts with PTPN11; Tyr-713 is critical for PTPN11 recruitment. Interacts with FER (By similarity). Interacts (via Ig-like C2-type domain 6) with CD177; the interaction is Ca(2+)-dependent; the interaction is direct.

Family&Domains:

The Ig-like C2-type domains 2 and 3 contribute to formation of the complex with BDKRB2 and in regulation of its activity.

Research Fields

· Environmental Information Processing > Signaling molecules and interaction > Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs).   (View pathway)

· Human Diseases > Infectious diseases: Parasitic > Malaria.

· Organismal Systems > Immune system > Leukocyte transendothelial migration.   (View pathway)

References

1). Tissue-resident memory CD103+CD8+ T cells in colorectal cancer: its implication as a prognostic and predictive liver metastasis biomarker. Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2024 (PubMed: 38954030) [IF=5.8]

Application: IF/ICC    Species: Mouse    Sample:

Fig. 3 The expression of CD31 and α-SMA in clinical samples and the anti-angiogenic therapy promotes infiltration of CD103+CD8+ TRMs in tumor. A The expression of CD31 and α-SMA in CRC and CRC liver metastasis tissue. B The infiltration level of CD103+CD8+ TRMs in the α-SMA high and low groups. C Comparison of median number and interquartile range of CD103+CD8+ TRMs. D The relationship of CD103+CD8+ TRMs and α-SMA+ vessel. E–F The infiltration level of CD103+CD8+ TRMs in CRC patients who responded and non-respond to bevacizumab treatment. G Average tumor growth curves showing tumor volume in mice treated with either control or the Bevacizumab (n = 5 mice per group). H–K Representative flow cytometry plots (H) and the percentage of CD103+CD8+ TRMs (I) and representative flow cytometry plots (J) and the percentage of IFN-γ+ CD103+CD8+ TRMs (K) isolated from mice on day 21 (n = 5 mice per group). (Immunofluorescent staining, × 400, The white triangle in the tissue is CD103+CD8+ TRMs). CRC, colorectal cancer; TRM, tissue-resident memory T cell. α-SMA, alpha-smooth muscle actin. *p 

2). Freeze-drying prepared ready-to-use gelatin @polypropylene nonwoven hybrid sheet for stacking 3D cell culture. International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, 2021 (PubMed: 34675506) [IF=5.7]

Application: IF/ICC    Species: Human    Sample: HUVEC

Cell-immunoassay on freeze-drying prepared gelatin @PP nonwoven sheet. a procedure of cell-immunoassay on ready-to-use gelatin @PP nonwoven sheet. b Photo of colorimetric changes from cell-immunoassay

3). SU5416 attenuated lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice by modulating properties of vascular endothelial cells. Drug Design Development and Therapy, 2019 (PubMed: 31213766) [IF=4.8]

Application: IHC    Species: mouse    Sample: alveola rendothelial cells

Figure 3 |TLR4/NF-κB signaling was involved in the progression of LPS-stimulated ALI. (A) Immunohistochemical staining of CD31 in LPS-stimulated WT and TLR4−/- mice after treatment with DXM and/or SU5416+DXM.

4). Intracavernosal Adeno-Associated Virus-Mediated S100A1 Gene Transfer Enhances Erectile Function in Diabetic Rats by Promoting Cavernous Angiogenesis via VEGF-A/VEGFR2 Signaling. Journal of Sexual Medicine, 2019 (PubMed: 31378707) [IF=3.5]

Application: IF/ICC    Species: rat    Sample: endothelium in corpus cavernosum

Figure 5.| Effect of S100A1 overexpression on the Akt-eNOS signaling pathway and endothelial content. Panel A shows a representative Western blot of p-Akt, Akt, p-eNOS, and eNOS in each group. Panel B shows the relative density of total Akt and total eNOS compared with b-Actin; densitometric ratios of p-Akt to total Akt and p-eNOS to total eNOS. Panel C shows cavernous NO levels detected using a total NO assay kit. Panel D shows cavernous cGMP concentration measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Panel E shows endothelium in corpus cavernosum was detected with immunofluorescence using an antibody against CD31 (red, 100). Nuclei were stained by DAPI (blue).

5). Forkhead Box C2 Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cell Adhesion via Suppression of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 Expression in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. DNA and Cell Biology, 2019 (PubMed: 30994379) [IF=3.1]

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