Product: Phospho-PKA alpha/beta/gamma CAT (Thr198) Antibody
Catalog: AF7246
Description: Rabbit polyclonal antibody to Phospho-PKA alpha/beta/gamma CAT (Thr198)
Application: WB IHC
Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat
Prediction: Pig, Bovine, Horse, Sheep, Dog, Xenopus
Mol.Wt.: 40kDa; 41kD,40kD(Calculated).
Uniprot: P17612 | P22694 | P22612
RRID: AB_2843686

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 100ul $350 In stock
 200ul $450 In stock

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Product Info

Source:
Rabbit
Application:
WB 1:500-1:2000, IHC 1:50-1:200
*The optimal dilutions should be determined by the end user.
*Tips:

WB: For western blot detection of denatured protein samples. IHC: For immunohistochemical detection of paraffin sections (IHC-p) or frozen sections (IHC-f) of tissue samples. IF/ICC: For immunofluorescence detection of cell samples. ELISA(peptide): For ELISA detection of antigenic peptide.

Reactivity:
Human,Mouse,Rat
Prediction:
Pig(100%), Bovine(100%), Horse(100%), Sheep(100%), Dog(100%), Xenopus(100%)
Clonality:
Polyclonal
Specificity:
Phospho-PKA alpha/beta/gamma CAT (Thr198) Antibody detects endogenous levels of PKA alpha/beta/gamma CAT only when phosphorylated at Thr198.
RRID:
AB_2843686
Cite Format: Affinity Biosciences Cat# AF7246, RRID:AB_2843686.
Conjugate:
Unconjugated.
Purification:
The antibody is from purified rabbit serum by affinity purification via sequential chromatography on phospho-peptide and non-phospho-peptide affinity columns.
Storage:
Rabbit IgG in phosphate buffered saline , pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol. Store at -20 °C. Stable for 12 months from date of receipt.
Alias:

Fold/Unfold

cAMP dependent protein kinase alpha catalytic subunit; cAMP dependent protein kinase beta catalytic subunit; cAMP dependent protein kinase catalytic beta subunit isoform 4ab; cAMP dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha; cAMP dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha, isoform 1; cAMP dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha; KAPCA_HUMAN; PKA C alpha; PKA C beta; PKA C-alpha; PKACA; PKACB; PPNAD4; PRKACA; PRKACAA; PRKACB; Protein kinase A catalytic subunit alpha; Protein kinase A catalytic subunit; Protein kinase A catalytic subunit beta; Protein kinase, cAMP dependent, catalytic, alpha; Protein kinase, cAMP dependent, catalytic, beta; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic beta subunit isoform 4ab; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta; KAPCB_HUMAN; PKA C beta; PKA C-beta; PKACB; Prkacb; protein kinase A catalytic subunit beta; Protein kinase cAMP dependent catalytic beta; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit gamma; KAPCG_HUMAN; KAPG; PKA C gamma; PKA C-gamma; PKACg; PRKACG; Protein kinase cAMP dependent catalytic gamma; Serine (threonine) protein kinase;

Immunogens

Immunogen:
Uniprot:
Gene(ID):
Expression:
P17612 KAPCA_HUMAN:

Isoform 1 is ubiquitous. Isoform 2 is sperm-specific and is enriched in pachytene spermatocytes but is not detected in round spermatids.

P22694 KAPCB_HUMAN:

Isoform 1 is most abundant in the brain, with low level expression in kidney. Isoform 2 is predominantly expressed in thymus, spleen and kidney. Isoform 3 and isoform 4 are only expressed in the brain.

P22612 KAPCG_HUMAN:

Testis specific. But important tissues such as brain and ovary have not been analyzed for the content of transcript.

Sequence:
MGNAAAAKKGSEQESVKEFLAKAKEDFLKKWESPAQNTAHLDQFERIKTLGTGSFGRVMLVKHKETGNHYAMKILDKQKVVKLKQIEHTLNEKRILQAVNFPFLVKLEFSFKDNSNLYMVMEYVPGGEMFSHLRRIGRFSEPHARFYAAQIVLTFEYLHSLDLIYRDLKPENLLIDQQGYIQVTDFGFAKRVKGRTWTLCGTPEYLAPEIILSKGYNKAVDWWALGVLIYEMAAGYPPFFADQPIQIYEKIVSGKVRFPSHFSSDLKDLLRNLLQVDLTKRFGNLKNGVNDIKNHKWFATTDWIAIYQRKVEAPFIPKFKGPGDTSNFDDYEEEEIRVSINEKCGKEFSEF

MGNAATAKKGSEVESVKEFLAKAKEDFLKKWENPTQNNAGLEDFERKKTLGTGSFGRVMLVKHKATEQYYAMKILDKQKVVKLKQIEHTLNEKRILQAVNFPFLVRLEYAFKDNSNLYMVMEYVPGGEMFSHLRRIGRFSEPHARFYAAQIVLTFEYLHSLDLIYRDLKPENLLIDHQGYIQVTDFGFAKRVKGRTWTLCGTPEYLAPEIILSKGYNKAVDWWALGVLIYEMAAGYPPFFADQPIQIYEKIVSGKVRFPSHFSSDLKDLLRNLLQVDLTKRFGNLKNGVSDIKTHKWFATTDWIAIYQRKVEAPFIPKFRGSGDTSNFDDYEEEDIRVSITEKCAKEFGEF

MGNAPAKKDTEQEESVNEFLAKARGDFLYRWGNPAQNTASSDQFERLRTLGMGSFGRVMLVRHQETGGHYAMKILNKQKVVKMKQVEHILNEKRILQAIDFPFLVKLQFSFKDNSYLYLVMEYVPGGEMFSRLQRVGRFSEPHACFYAAQVVLAVQYLHSLDLIHRDLKPENLLIDQQGYLQVTDFGFAKRVKGRTWTLCGTPEYLAPEIILSKGYNKAVDWWALGVLIYEMAVGFPPFYADQPIQIYEKIVSGRVRFPSKLSSDLKHLLRSLLQVDLTKRFGNLRNGVGDIKNHKWFATTSWIAIYEKKVEAPFIPKYTGPGDASNFDDYEEEELRISINEKCAKEFSEF

Predictions

Predictions:

Score>80(red) has high confidence and is suggested to be used for WB detection. *The prediction model is mainly based on the alignment of immunogen sequences, the results are for reference only, not as the basis of quality assurance.

Species
Results
Score
Pig
100
Horse
100
Bovine
100
Sheep
100
Dog
100
Xenopus
100
Zebrafish
0
Chicken
0
Rabbit
0
Model Confidence:
High(score>80) Medium(80>score>50) Low(score<50) No confidence

PTMs - P17612/P22694/P22612 As Substrate

Site PTM Type Enzyme
G2 Myristoylation
S11 Phosphorylation P17612 (PRKACA)
S15 Phosphorylation P17612 (PRKACA)
K17 Ubiquitination
K24 Ubiquitination
K30 Ubiquitination
K48 Ubiquitination
T49 Phosphorylation P17612 (PRKACA)
T52 Phosphorylation
S54 Phosphorylation P17612 (PRKACA)
Y70 Phosphorylation
K84 Ubiquitination
T89 Phosphorylation
K93 Ubiquitination
S140 Phosphorylation P17612 (PRKACA)
K190 Ubiquitination
T196 Phosphorylation
T198 Phosphorylation O15530 (PDPK1) , P17612 (PRKACA)
T202 Phosphorylation
S213 Phosphorylation P17612 (PRKACA)
K214 Ubiquitination
K255 Ubiquitination
S260 Phosphorylation P17612 (PRKACA)
S264 Phosphorylation
K267 Acetylation
K267 Ubiquitination
K280 Acetylation
K280 Ubiquitination
K286 Ubiquitination
K293 Ubiquitination
K310 Ubiquitination
K318 Ubiquitination
K320 Ubiquitination
S326 Phosphorylation P17612 (PRKACA)
Y331 Phosphorylation
S339 Phosphorylation P17612 (PRKACA)
K343 Ubiquitination
K346 Ubiquitination
Site PTM Type Enzyme
G2 Myristoylation
T6 Phosphorylation
S11 Phosphorylation
S15 Phosphorylation
K17 Ubiquitination
K24 Ubiquitination
K30 Ubiquitination
K47 Acetylation
K48 Ubiquitination
T49 Phosphorylation
T52 Phosphorylation
S54 Phosphorylation
K64 Ubiquitination
Y69 Phosphorylation
Y70 Phosphorylation
K73 Ubiquitination
K84 Ubiquitination
T89 Phosphorylation
K93 Ubiquitination
Y157 Phosphorylation
Y165 Phosphorylation
Y180 Phosphorylation
T184 Phosphorylation
T196 Phosphorylation
T198 Phosphorylation
T202 Phosphorylation
K214 Ubiquitination
K255 Ubiquitination
S260 Phosphorylation
S264 Phosphorylation
K267 Acetylation
K267 Ubiquitination
K280 Acetylation
K280 Ubiquitination
K286 Ubiquitination
K293 Ubiquitination
K310 Ubiquitination
K318 Ubiquitination
S322 Phosphorylation
T325 Phosphorylation
S326 Phosphorylation
Y331 Phosphorylation
S339 Phosphorylation P22694 (PRKACB)
T341 Phosphorylation
K343 Ubiquitination
Site PTM Type Enzyme
Y118 Phosphorylation
Y123 Phosphorylation
R132 Methylation
T196 Phosphorylation
T198 Phosphorylation
T202 Phosphorylation
K214 Ubiquitination
K310 Ubiquitination

PTMs - P17612/P22694/P22612 As Enzyme

Substrate Site Source
O00141 (SGK1) T369 Uniprot
O00168 (FXYD1) S83 Uniprot
O00168 (FXYD1) S88 Uniprot
O00231 (PSMD11) S14 Uniprot
O00418 (EEF2K) S366 Uniprot
O00418 (EEF2K) S500 Uniprot
O00429 (DNM1L) S637 Uniprot
O00482 (NR5A2) S510 Uniprot
O14558 (HSPB6) S16 Uniprot
O14649 (KCNK3) S393 Uniprot
O14813 (PHOX2A) S153 Uniprot
O14921 (RGS13) T41 Uniprot
O14936 (CASK) S562 Uniprot
O14936 (CASK) T741 Uniprot
O14965 (AURKA) T288 Uniprot
O14974 (PPP1R12A) S695 Uniprot
O14974 (PPP1R12A) T696 Uniprot
O14974 (PPP1R12A) S852 Uniprot
O14974 (PPP1R12A) T853 Uniprot
O15217 (GSTA4) S189 Uniprot
O15392 (BIRC5) S20 Uniprot
O15551 (CLDN3) T192 Uniprot
O15554 (KCNN4) S334 Uniprot
O43164 (PJA2) S342 Uniprot
O43164 (PJA2) T389 Uniprot
O43181 (NDUFS4) S173 Uniprot
O43566-7 (RGS14) S260 Uniprot
O43566-7 (RGS14) T495 Uniprot
O43602 (DCX) S128 Uniprot
O43665-2 (RGS10) S162 Uniprot
O43665-3 (RGS10) S176 Uniprot
O60240 (PLIN1) S81 Uniprot
O60479 (DLX3) S10 Uniprot
O60716 (CTNND1) S879 Uniprot
O60825-1 (PFKFB2) S466 Uniprot
O60928 (KCNJ13) S287 Uniprot
O60941 (DTNB) T11 Uniprot
O60941 (DTNB) T424 Uniprot
O75376 (NCOR1) S70 Uniprot
O75581 (LRP6) T1548 Uniprot
O75688 (PPM1B) S195 Uniprot
O75899 (GABBR2) S893 Uniprot
O76054 (SEC14L2) S289 Uniprot
O76074 (PDE5A) S102 Uniprot
O94811 (TPPP) S32 Uniprot
O94811 (TPPP) T92 Uniprot
O94811 (TPPP) S159 Uniprot
O95180 (CACNA1H) S1107 Uniprot
O95180 (CACNA1H) S1144 Uniprot
O95295 (SNAPIN) S50 Uniprot
O95477 (ABCA1) S1042 Uniprot
O95477 (ABCA1) S2054 Uniprot
O95644 (NFATC1) S245 Uniprot
O95644 (NFATC1) S269 Uniprot
O95644 (NFATC1) S294 Uniprot
O95863 (SNAI1) S11 Uniprot
O96001-1 (PPP1R17) T68 Uniprot
O96001-1 (PPP1R17) T119 Uniprot
O96004 (HAND1) S98 Uniprot
O96004 (HAND1) T107 Uniprot
O96004 (HAND1) S109 Uniprot
P00439 (PAH) S16 Uniprot
P01100-1 (FOS) S362 Uniprot
P01892 (HLA-A) S337 Uniprot
P01892 (HLA-A) S343 Uniprot
P02686-6 (MBP) S8 Uniprot
P02686-4 (MBP) S13 Uniprot
P02686-6 (MBP) T36 Uniprot
P02686-3 (MBP) S57 Uniprot
P02686-6 (MBP) S122 Uniprot
P02686-5 (MBP) S133 Uniprot
P02686-2 (MBP) S141 Uniprot
P02686 (MBP) S146 Uniprot
P02686-4 (MBP) S148 Uniprot
P02686-6 (MBP) S151 Uniprot
P02686-3 (MBP) S159 Uniprot
P02686-5 (MBP) S162 Uniprot
P02686 (MBP) T169 Uniprot
P02686-4 (MBP) S177 Uniprot
P02686-3 (MBP) S188 Uniprot
P02686 (MBP) S190 Uniprot
P02686 (MBP) S249 Uniprot
P02686 (MBP) S266 Uniprot
P02686 (MBP) S295 Uniprot
P03372 (ESR1) S236 Uniprot
P03372 (ESR1) S305 Uniprot
P04004 (VTN) S397 Uniprot
P04035-1 (HMGCR) S872 Uniprot
P04049-1 (RAF1) S43 Uniprot
P04049-1 (RAF1) S233 Uniprot
P04049-1 (RAF1) S259 Uniprot
P04049 (RAF1) S621 Uniprot
P04083 (ANXA1) T216 Uniprot
P04626 (ERBB2) T686 Uniprot
P04637 (TP53) S378 Uniprot
P04792 (HSPB1) S78 Uniprot
P04792 (HSPB1) S82 Uniprot
P04792 (HSPB1) T143 Uniprot
P05023 (ATP1A1) S943 Uniprot
P05093 (CYP17A1) S258 Uniprot
P05114 (HMGN1) S7 Uniprot
P05114 (HMGN1) S21 Uniprot
P05114 (HMGN1) S25 Uniprot
P05204 (HMGN2) S25 Uniprot
P05204 (HMGN2) S29 Uniprot
P05549 (TFAP2A) S239 Uniprot
P05787 (KRT8) S9 Uniprot
P05787 (KRT8) S13 Uniprot
P05787 (KRT8) S24 Uniprot
P05787 (KRT8) S34 Uniprot
P05787 (KRT8) S37 Uniprot
P05787 (KRT8) S43 Uniprot
P05787 (KRT8) S417 Uniprot
P06239-1 (LCK) S42 Uniprot
P06241 (FYN) S21 Uniprot
P06400 (RB1) S780 Uniprot
P07101-2 (TH) S36 Uniprot
P07101-1 (TH) S40 Uniprot
P07101-4 (TH) S44 Uniprot
P07101-2 (TH) S67 Uniprot
P07101 (TH) S71 Uniprot
P07550 (ADRB2) S345 Uniprot
P07550 (ADRB2) S346 Uniprot
P07900 (HSP90AA1) T90 Uniprot
P07949 (RET) S696 Uniprot
P08034 (GJB1) S233 Uniprot
P08151 (GLI1) T374 Uniprot
P08151 (GLI1) S544 Uniprot
P08151 (GLI1) S560 Uniprot
P08151 (GLI1) S640 Uniprot
P08183 (ABCB1) S667 Uniprot
P08183 (ABCB1) S671 Uniprot
P08183 (ABCB1) S683 Uniprot
P08588 (ADRB1) S312 Uniprot
P08670 (VIM) S7 Uniprot
P08670 (VIM) S25 Uniprot
P08670 (VIM) S39 Uniprot
P08670 (VIM) S47 Uniprot
P08670 (VIM) S72 Uniprot
P08670 (VIM) S73 Uniprot
P08684 (CYP3A4) S116 Uniprot
P08684 (CYP3A4) S119 Uniprot
P08684 (CYP3A4) S134 Uniprot
P08684 (CYP3A4) S259 Uniprot
P08684 (CYP3A4) S478 Uniprot
P09038 (FGF2) T254 Uniprot
P09211 (GSTP1) S185 Uniprot
P09651 (HNRNPA1) S199 Uniprot
P09917 (ALOX5) S272 Uniprot
P09917 (ALOX5) S524 Uniprot
P0DMV8 (HSPA1A) S418 Uniprot
P0DN86 (CGB8) T117 Uniprot
P10071 (GLI3) S849 Uniprot
P10071 (GLI3) S865 Uniprot
P10071 (GLI3) S877 Uniprot
P10071 (GLI3) S907 Uniprot
P10071 (GLI3) S980 Uniprot
P10071 (GLI3) S1006 Uniprot
P10242 (MYB) S116 Uniprot
P10276 (RARA) S219 Uniprot
P10276 (RARA) S369 Uniprot
P10412 (HIST1H1E) S36 Uniprot
P10636-2 (MAPT) S137 Uniprot
P10636-6 (MAPT) S140 Uniprot
P10636-2 (MAPT) S141 Uniprot
P10636-6 (MAPT) T147 Uniprot
P10636-6 (MAPT) T154 Uniprot
P10636-2 (MAPT) S156 Uniprot
P10636-6 (MAPT) T173 Uniprot
P10636-8 (MAPT) S195 Uniprot
P10636-8 (MAPT) S198 Uniprot
P10636-2 (MAPT) S204 Uniprot
P10636-8 (MAPT) T212 Uniprot
P10636-8 (MAPT) S214 Uniprot
P10636-8 (MAPT) T245 Uniprot
P10636-8 (MAPT) S262 Uniprot
P10636-2 (MAPT) S267 Uniprot
P10636-8 (MAPT) S293 Uniprot
P10636-6 (MAPT) S298 Uniprot
P10636-8 (MAPT) S305 Uniprot
P10636-8 (MAPT) S316 Uniprot
P10636-2 (MAPT) S320 Uniprot
P10636-8 (MAPT) S324 Uniprot
P10636-6 (MAPT) S351 Uniprot
P10636-8 (MAPT) S356 Uniprot
P10636-8 (MAPT) S409 Uniprot
P10636-8 (MAPT) S416 Uniprot
P10636 (MAPT) S531 Uniprot
P10636 (MAPT) T548 Uniprot
P10636 (MAPT) S579 Uniprot
P10636 (MAPT) S673 Uniprot
P10636 (MAPT) S726 Uniprot
P11137-2 (MAP2) S319 Uniprot
P11137-1 (MAP2) S1675 Uniprot
P11137 (MAP2) S1679 Uniprot
P11137 (MAP2) S1710 Uniprot
P11137 (MAP2) S1742 Uniprot
P11137 (MAP2) S1782 Uniprot
P11168-1 (SLC2A2) S491 Uniprot
P11168-1 (SLC2A2) S503 Uniprot
P11168-1 (SLC2A2) S505 Uniprot
P11473 (VDR) S182 Uniprot
P11717 (IGF2R) S2347 Uniprot
P11831 (SRF) T159 Uniprot
P12270 (TPR) S2108 Uniprot
P12931-1 (SRC) S17 Uniprot
P12931 (SRC) Y419 Uniprot
P13224-1 (GP1BB) S191 Uniprot
P13569 (CFTR) S660 Uniprot
P13569 (CFTR) S700 Uniprot
P13569 (CFTR) S712 Uniprot
P13569-1 (CFTR) S737 Uniprot
P13569 (CFTR) S753 Uniprot
P13569 (CFTR) S768 Uniprot
P13569 (CFTR) S795 Uniprot
P13569-1 (CFTR) S813 Uniprot
P13612 (ITGA4) S1021 Uniprot
P13796 (LCP1) S5 Uniprot
P13807-1 (GYS1) S8 Uniprot
P13807-1 (GYS1) S710 Uniprot
P14136 (GFAP) T7 Uniprot
P14136 (GFAP) S8 Uniprot
P14136-1 (GFAP) S13 Uniprot
P14136-1 (GFAP) S17 Uniprot
P14136 (GFAP) S38 Uniprot
P14410 (SI) S7 Uniprot
P14598 (NCF1) S320 Uniprot
P14598 (NCF1) S328 Uniprot
P14598 (NCF1) S359 Uniprot
P14598 (NCF1) S370 Uniprot
P14859 (POU2F1) S385 Uniprot
P15056 (BRAF) S430 Uniprot
P15311 (EZR) S66 Uniprot
P15336 (ATF2) S62 Uniprot
P15924 (DSP) S2849 Uniprot
P16066 (NPR1) S529 Uniprot
P16070 (CD44) S697 Uniprot
P16144 (ITGB4) S1364 Uniprot
P16220 (CREB1) S133 Uniprot
P16949 (STMN1) S16 Uniprot
P16949 (STMN1) S63 Uniprot
P17302 (GJA1) S365 Uniprot
P17302 (GJA1) S368 Uniprot
P17302 (GJA1) S369 Uniprot
P17302 (GJA1) S373 Uniprot
P17542 (TAL1) S122 Uniprot
P17542 (TAL1) S172 Uniprot
P17600-2 (SYN1) S9 Uniprot
P17612 (PRKACA) S11 Uniprot
P17612 (PRKACA) S15 Uniprot
P17612 (PRKACA) T49 Uniprot
P17612 (PRKACA) S54 Uniprot
P17612 (PRKACA) S140 Uniprot
P17612 (PRKACA) T198 Uniprot
P17612 (PRKACA) S213 Uniprot
P17612 (PRKACA) S260 Uniprot
P17612 (PRKACA) S326 Uniprot
P17612 (PRKACA) S339 Uniprot
P17655 (CAPN2) S369 Uniprot
P17655 (CAPN2) T370 Uniprot
Substrate Site Source
P08138 (NGFR) S303 Uniprot
P22694 (PRKACB) S339 Uniprot
P30518 (AVPR2) S255 Uniprot
P43699 (NKX2-1) T9 Uniprot
Q13185 (CBX3) S93 Uniprot
Q14896 (MYBPC3) S275 Uniprot
Q14896 (MYBPC3) S284 Uniprot
Q14896 (MYBPC3) S304 Uniprot
Q14896 (MYBPC3) S311 Uniprot
Q92934 (BAD) S75 Uniprot
Q92934 (BAD) S99 Uniprot
Q92934 (BAD) S118 Uniprot
Substrate Site Source
P29474 (NOS3) S1177 Uniprot
Q13185 (CBX3) S93 Uniprot
Q14896 (MYBPC3) S275 Uniprot
Q14896 (MYBPC3) S284 Uniprot
Q14896 (MYBPC3) S304 Uniprot
Q14896 (MYBPC3) S311 Uniprot
Q92934 (BAD) S75 Uniprot
Q92934 (BAD) S99 Uniprot
Q92934 (BAD) S118 Uniprot

Research Backgrounds

Function:

Phosphorylates a large number of substrates in the cytoplasm and the nucleus. Regulates the abundance of compartmentalized pools of its regulatory subunits through phosphorylation of PJA2 which binds and ubiquitinates these subunits, leading to their subsequent proteolysis. Phosphorylates CDC25B, ABL1, NFKB1, CLDN3, PSMC5/RPT6, PJA2, RYR2, RORA and VASP. RORA is activated by phosphorylation. Required for glucose-mediated adipogenic differentiation increase and osteogenic differentiation inhibition from osteoblasts. Involved in the regulation of platelets in response to thrombin and collagen; maintains circulating platelets in a resting state by phosphorylating proteins in numerous platelet inhibitory pathways when in complex with NF-kappa-B (NFKB1 and NFKB2) and I-kappa-B-alpha (NFKBIA), but thrombin and collagen disrupt these complexes and free active PRKACA stimulates platelets and leads to platelet aggregation by phosphorylating VASP. Prevents the antiproliferative and anti-invasive effects of alpha-difluoromethylornithine in breast cancer cells when activated. RYR2 channel activity is potentiated by phosphorylation in presence of luminal Ca(2+), leading to reduced amplitude and increased frequency of store overload-induced Ca(2+) release (SOICR) characterized by an increased rate of Ca(2+) release and propagation velocity of spontaneous Ca(2+) waves, despite reduced wave amplitude and resting cytosolic Ca(2+). PSMC5/RPT6 activation by phosphorylation stimulates proteasome. Negatively regulates tight junctions (TJs) in ovarian cancer cells via CLDN3 phosphorylation. NFKB1 phosphorylation promotes NF-kappa-B p50-p50 DNA binding. Involved in embryonic development by down-regulating the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway that determines embryo pattern formation and morphogenesis. Prevents meiosis resumption in prophase-arrested oocytes via CDC25B inactivation by phosphorylation. May also regulate rapid eye movement (REM) sleep in the pedunculopontine tegmental (PPT). Phosphorylates APOBEC3G and AICDA. Isoform 2 phosphorylates and activates ABL1 in sperm flagellum to promote spermatozoa capacitation. Phosphorylates HSF1; this phosphorylation promotes HSF1 nuclear localization and transcriptional activity upon heat shock.

PTMs:

Asn-3 is partially deaminated to Asp giving rise to 2 major isoelectric variants, called CB and CA respectively.

Autophosphorylated. Phosphorylation is enhanced by vitamin K(2). Phosphorylated on threonine and serine residues. Phosphorylation on Thr-198 is required for full activity.

Phosphorylated at Tyr-331 by activated receptor tyrosine kinases EGFR and PDGFR; this increases catalytic efficiency.

Subcellular Location:

Cytoplasm. Cell membrane. Nucleus. Mitochondrion. Membrane>Lipid-anchor.
Note: Translocates into the nucleus (monomeric catalytic subunit). The inactive holoenzyme is found in the cytoplasm. Distributed throughout the cytoplasm in meiotically incompetent oocytes. Associated to mitochondrion as meiotic competence is acquired. Aggregates around the germinal vesicles (GV) at the immature GV stage oocytes (By similarity). Colocalizes with HSF1 in nuclear stress bodies (nSBs) upon heat shock (PubMed:21085490).

Cell projection>Cilium>Flagellum. Cytoplasmic vesicle>Secretory vesicle>Acrosome.
Note: Expressed in the midpiece region of the sperm flagellum (PubMed:10906071). Colocalizes with MROH2B and TCP11 on the acrosome and tail regions in round spermatids and spermatozoa regardless of the capacitation status of the sperm (By similarity).

Extracellular region or secreted Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion Manual annotation Automatic computational assertionSubcellular location
Tissue Specificity:

Isoform 1 is ubiquitous. Isoform 2 is sperm-specific and is enriched in pachytene spermatocytes but is not detected in round spermatids.

Subunit Structure:

A number of inactive tetrameric holoenzymes are produced by the combination of homo- or heterodimers of the different regulatory subunits associated with two catalytic subunits. cAMP causes the dissociation of the inactive holoenzyme into a dimer of regulatory subunits bound to four cAMP and two free monomeric catalytic subunits. The cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit binds PJA2. Both isoforms 1 and 2 forms activate cAMP-sensitive PKAI and PKAII holoenzymes by interacting with regulatory subunit (R) of PKA, PRKAR1A/PKR1 and PRKAR2A/PKR2, respectively. Interacts with NFKB1, NFKB2 and NFKBIA in platelets; these interactions are disrupted by thrombin and collagen. Binds to ABL1 in spermatozoa and with CDC25B in oocytes. Interacts with APOBEC3G and AICDA. Interacts with RAB13; downstream effector of RAB13 involved in tight junction assembly. Found in a complex at least composed of MROH2B, PRKACA isoform 2 and TCP11 (By similarity). Interacts with MROH2B (By similarity). Isoform 2 interacts with TCP11 (By similarity). Interacts with HSF1.

Family&Domains:

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. cAMP subfamily.

Function:

Mediates cAMP-dependent signaling triggered by receptor binding to GPCRs. PKA activation regulates diverse cellular processes such as cell proliferation, the cell cycle, differentiation and regulation of microtubule dynamics, chromatin condensation and decondensation, nuclear envelope disassembly and reassembly, as well as regulation of intracellular transport mechanisms and ion flux. Regulates the abundance of compartmentalized pools of its regulatory subunits through phosphorylation of PJA2 which binds and ubiquitinates these subunits, leading to their subsequent proteolysis. Phosphorylates GPKOW which regulates its ability to bind RNA.

PTMs:

Asn-3 is partially deaminated to Asp giving rise to 2 major isoelectric variants, called CB and CA respectively.

Subcellular Location:

Cytoplasm. Cell membrane. Membrane>Lipid-anchor. Nucleus.
Note: Translocates into the nucleus (monomeric catalytic subunit). The inactive holoenzyme is found in the cytoplasm.

Extracellular region or secreted Cytosol Plasma membrane Cytoskeleton Lysosome Endosome Peroxisome ER Golgi apparatus Nucleus Mitochondrion Manual annotation Automatic computational assertionSubcellular location
Tissue Specificity:

Isoform 1 is most abundant in the brain, with low level expression in kidney. Isoform 2 is predominantly expressed in thymus, spleen and kidney. Isoform 3 and isoform 4 are only expressed in the brain.

Subunit Structure:

A number of inactive tetrameric holoenzymes are produced by the combination of homo- or heterodimers of the different regulatory subunits associated with two catalytic subunits. cAMP causes the dissociation of the inactive holoenzyme into a dimer of regulatory subunits bound to four cAMP and two free monomeric catalytic subunits (By similarity). The cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit binds PJA2. Interacts with GPKOW.

Family&Domains:

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. cAMP subfamily.

Function:

Phosphorylates a large number of substrates in the cytoplasm and the nucleus.

Tissue Specificity:

Testis specific. But important tissues such as brain and ovary have not been analyzed for the content of transcript.

Subunit Structure:

A number of inactive tetrameric holoenzymes are produced by the combination of homo- or heterodimers of the different regulatory subunits associated with two catalytic subunits. cAMP causes the dissociation of the inactive holoenzyme into a dimer of regulatory subunits bound to four cAMP and two free monomeric catalytic subunits.

Family&Domains:

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. cAMP subfamily.

Research Fields

· Cellular Processes > Cell growth and death > Oocyte meiosis.   (View pathway)

· Cellular Processes > Transport and catabolism > Autophagy - animal.   (View pathway)

· Cellular Processes > Cellular community - eukaryotes > Tight junction.   (View pathway)

· Cellular Processes > Cellular community - eukaryotes > Gap junction.   (View pathway)

· Environmental Information Processing > Signal transduction > MAPK signaling pathway.   (View pathway)

· Environmental Information Processing > Signal transduction > Ras signaling pathway.   (View pathway)

· Environmental Information Processing > Signal transduction > Calcium signaling pathway.   (View pathway)

· Environmental Information Processing > Signal transduction > cAMP signaling pathway.   (View pathway)

· Environmental Information Processing > Signal transduction > Wnt signaling pathway.   (View pathway)

· Environmental Information Processing > Signal transduction > Hedgehog signaling pathway.   (View pathway)

· Environmental Information Processing > Signal transduction > Apelin signaling pathway.   (View pathway)

· Human Diseases > Drug resistance: Antineoplastic > Endocrine resistance.

· Human Diseases > Neurodegenerative diseases > Parkinson's disease.

· Human Diseases > Neurodegenerative diseases > Prion diseases.

· Human Diseases > Substance dependence > Cocaine addiction.

· Human Diseases > Substance dependence > Amphetamine addiction.

· Human Diseases > Substance dependence > Morphine addiction.

· Human Diseases > Substance dependence > Alcoholism.

· Human Diseases > Infectious diseases: Bacterial > Vibrio cholerae infection.

· Human Diseases > Infectious diseases: Parasitic > Amoebiasis.

· Human Diseases > Infectious diseases: Viral > Human papillomavirus infection.

· Human Diseases > Infectious diseases: Viral > HTLV-I infection.

· Human Diseases > Infectious diseases: Viral > Epstein-Barr virus infection.

· Human Diseases > Cancers: Overview > Pathways in cancer.   (View pathway)

· Human Diseases > Cancers: Overview > Viral carcinogenesis.

· Human Diseases > Cancers: Overview > Proteoglycans in cancer.

· Human Diseases > Cardiovascular diseases > Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).

· Organismal Systems > Immune system > Chemokine signaling pathway.   (View pathway)

· Organismal Systems > Aging > Longevity regulating pathway.   (View pathway)

· Organismal Systems > Aging > Longevity regulating pathway - multiple species.   (View pathway)

· Organismal Systems > Circulatory system > Adrenergic signaling in cardiomyocytes.   (View pathway)

· Organismal Systems > Circulatory system > Vascular smooth muscle contraction.   (View pathway)

· Organismal Systems > Immune system > Platelet activation.   (View pathway)

· Organismal Systems > Environmental adaptation > Circadian entrainment.

· Organismal Systems > Nervous system > Long-term potentiation.

· Organismal Systems > Nervous system > Retrograde endocannabinoid signaling.   (View pathway)

· Organismal Systems > Nervous system > Glutamatergic synapse.

· Organismal Systems > Nervous system > Cholinergic synapse.

· Organismal Systems > Nervous system > Serotonergic synapse.

· Organismal Systems > Nervous system > GABAergic synapse.

· Organismal Systems > Nervous system > Dopaminergic synapse.

· Organismal Systems > Sensory system > Olfactory transduction.

· Organismal Systems > Sensory system > Taste transduction.

· Organismal Systems > Sensory system > Inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels.   (View pathway)

· Organismal Systems > Endocrine system > Insulin signaling pathway.   (View pathway)

· Organismal Systems > Endocrine system > Insulin secretion.   (View pathway)

· Organismal Systems > Endocrine system > Ovarian steroidogenesis.

· Organismal Systems > Endocrine system > Progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation.

· Organismal Systems > Endocrine system > Estrogen signaling pathway.   (View pathway)

· Organismal Systems > Endocrine system > Melanogenesis.

· Organismal Systems > Endocrine system > Thyroid hormone synthesis.

· Organismal Systems > Endocrine system > Thyroid hormone signaling pathway.   (View pathway)

· Organismal Systems > Endocrine system > Oxytocin signaling pathway.

· Organismal Systems > Endocrine system > Glucagon signaling pathway.

· Organismal Systems > Endocrine system > Regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes.

· Organismal Systems > Endocrine system > Renin secretion.

· Organismal Systems > Endocrine system > Aldosterone synthesis and secretion.

· Organismal Systems > Endocrine system > Relaxin signaling pathway.

· Organismal Systems > Excretory system > Endocrine and other factor-regulated calcium reabsorption.

· Organismal Systems > Excretory system > Vasopressin-regulated water reabsorption.

· Organismal Systems > Digestive system > Salivary secretion.

· Organismal Systems > Digestive system > Gastric acid secretion.

References

1). Regulatory T cell-derived exosome mediated macrophages polarization for osteogenic differentiation in fracture repair. Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society, 2024 (PubMed: 38508525) [IF=10.8]

2). Uncaria rhynchophylla ameliorates unpredictable chronic mild stress-induced depression in mice via activating 5-HT1A receptor: Insights from transcriptomics. PHYTOMEDICINE, 2021 (PubMed: 33360346) [IF=7.9]

Application: WB    Species: mice    Sample: hippocampus

Fig. 11. Effects of URE on 5-HT1A signaling pathway. (A) Western blotting analysis of 5-HT1A, BDNF, p-CREB, CREB, p-PKA, and PKA in hippocampus. (B-E) Quantitative data of 5-HT1A (B), BDNF (C), p-CREB/CREB (D), and p-PKA/PKA (E), data represent mean ± SEM (n = 3), ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 vs. the control group; # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, ### p < 0.001 vs. the UCMS group. (F) The agonistic effect of URE against 5-HT1A receptor.

3). β-asarone improves cognitive impairment and alleviates autophagy in mice with vascular dementia via the cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway. Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology, 2024 (PubMed: 38039902) [IF=7.9]

4). The mechanisms of melanogenesis inhibition by glabridin: molecular docking, PKA/MITF and MAPK/MITF pathways. Food Science and Human Wellness, 2023 [IF=7.0]

5). Melatonin reduces intramuscular fat deposition by promoting lipolysis and increasing mitochondrial function. JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH, 2019 (PubMed: 30552289) [IF=6.5]

Application: WB    Species: pig    Sample: porcine intramuscular preadipocytes

Fig.?5.|Melatonin-activated PKA and ERK1/2 mediate lipolysis in porcine intramuscular preadipocytes. A–J: Fully differentiated adipocytes were treated with control, 1 mM of melatonin, and 1 mM of melatonin plus 10 M of 4-P-PDOT for 24 h. The expression levels of PKA (A, B), ERK1/2 (C, D), HSL (E, F), PLIN1 (G, H), and ATGL (I, J) and the phosphorylation levels of PKA (p-PKA Thr197) (A, B), ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2 Thr202/Tyr204) (C, D), HSL (pHSL Ser660) (E, F), PLIN1 (p-PLIN1 Ser522) (G, H), and -tubulin (I, J) were evaluated by Western blotting. The results are represented as the mean ± SEM (*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; n = 3).

6). NPY stimulates cholesterol synthesis acutely by activating the SREBP2-HMGCR pathway through the Y1 and Y5 receptors in murine hepatocytes. LIFE SCIENCES, 2020 (PubMed: 32976883) [IF=6.1]

Application: WB    Species: rat    Sample: BRL-3A hepatocytes

Fig. 6. | NPY activates the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 but not PKA.(B) NPY (25 nM) could not stimulate PKA phosphorylation at Thr197/Thr198 site in BRL-3A hepatocytes. The results are presented as the percentage change in phospho-ERK/ERK or phospho-PKA/PKA intensity compared with the control and normalized to 100%. The data are presented as the mean ± SE; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01; one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post hoc Dunnett's test in (A and B).

7). Inhibition of reinstatement of alcohol-induced conditioned place preference in mice by Lonicera japonica polysaccharide. Food & Function, 2022 (PubMed: 35899807) [IF=6.1]

8). Combination of pseudoephedrine and emodin ameliorates LPS-induced acute lung injury by regulating macrophage M1/M2 polarization through the VIP/cAMP/PKA pathway. Chinese Medicine, 2022 (PubMed: 35123524) [IF=4.9]

Application: WB    Species: Rat    Sample: lung tissues 

Fig. 6 Pseudoephedrine + emodin up-regulated VIP/CAMP/PKA pathways and Inhibited NF-κB in LPS-induced acute lung injury in rats. A, D VIP, cAMP mRNA expression was determined using Real-time PCR analysis. B, C, E–H Western blot analysis was performed to detect VIP, cAMP, p-PKA, p-IκBα and p-P65 protein expression. All data are expressed as mean ± S.D. (n = 3). ##p < 0.01, ###p < 0.001 vs. control group. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 vs. LPS alone group. +p < 0.05, ++p < 0.01, +++p < 0.001 vs. combined treatment group (5 + 20 mg/kg)

9). Dietary gossypol reduced intestinal immunity and aggravated inflammation in on-growing grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY, 2019 (PubMed: 30543935) [IF=4.7]

Application: WB    Species: fish    Sample: proximal intestine

Fig 10. | Effect of gossypol on the status of PKA activation (phosphorylation) in the proximal intestine (PI) (A), middle intestine (MI) (B) and distal intestine (DI) (C) of on-growing grass carp. Anti-PKA-cat immunoblot (total protein) served as internal loading control. Values are means (three replicates per group), and standard errors represented by vertical bars. Mean values with unlike letters were significantly different between treatments (P < 0.05; ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple-range tests). *P-values underlined with a solid line indicate a significant linear dose response relationship (P < 0.05).

10). Activation of the PACAP/PAC1 Signaling Pathway Accelerates the Repair of Impaired Spatial Memory Caused by an Ultradian Light Cycle. ASN Neuro, 2023 (PubMed: 37071544) [IF=4.7]

Application: WB    Species: Mouse    Sample:

Figure 4. The ultradian light cycle disrupts the rhythmic expression of p-PKA, P-PKC, CaMK I, and p-ERK in the CA1 region. A, C, E, G Representative immunoblots showing expression of p-PKA, p-PKC, CaMK II, and p-ERK in CA1 from T24-housed (black, N = 5 mice) and T7-housed (gray, N = 5 mice) mice (p-PKA: phospho-protein kinase A; p-PKC: phospho-proteinkinase C; CaMK Ⅱ : Ca2 + /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase, p-ERK:phospho-ERK). B, No differences in the rhythmicity of p-PKA levels were observed between groups two-way ANOVA: P > 0.05). D, No differences in the rhythmicity of p-PKC levels were observed between groups two-way ANOVA: P > 0.05). F, No differences in the rhythmicity of CaMK Ⅱ levels were observed between groups two-way ANOVA: P > 0.05). H. T24 versus T7 has a different expression of p-ERK (The data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA (F(1,36) = 5.079, * P 

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